The Indonesian capital of Jakarta, with a population of around 10 million, has been suffering from extreme land subsidence for decades and, to address this, President Joko Widodo announced the Nusantara project in 2019, a new capital city on the island of Borneo, which would ease pressure on Jakarta, which suffers from intense congestion and extremely high pollution levels.
Jakarta hosted the 43rd ASEAN Summit and related non-binding intergovernmental meetings from 5 to 7 September, with the participation of heads of state and government from the 10 member countries of the alliance and senior officials from India, Japan, South Korea, Australia, and Canada, as well as the United States, China and Russia.