The two-day exercise, conducted Monday and Tuesday in a shared frontier region, focused on countering border security threats and deepening trust among the three countries.
A joint command post was set up in China, where the host nation assumed leadership with collective input from all sides. The drills followed a trilateral leaders’ summit in Beijing on 2 September, shortly after President Xi Jinping met with over 20 non-Western heads of state.
While Russia and China are founding members of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), Mongolia has remained an observer since 2004.